If you haven’t already heard, cervical cancer screening in BC will be changing to cervical self screening by January 29th, 2024. Instead of testing for cell abnormalities on the cervix (ie. pap testing), we will now test for the human papilloma virus (HPV), which is the virus that causes these abnormalities in the first place. Part of this shift will include the option to complete self screening instead of needing to see a health care provider. It is important to know that HPV testing is an effective way to screen for cervical cancer and self collected swabs are just as effective as provider collected.

What is the difference between paps and cervix self screening?

Pap testing involves an appointment with a health care provider, and a speculum exam to collect cells from the cervix. These cells are then examined for abnormalities, including cervical cancer. It should be completed every 3 years.

We understand that these abnormal cells are caused by HPV, so by switching to HPV screening we are screening for the cause of abnormal cells rather than the abnormal cells themselves.

Cervix self screening will involve collecting a vaginal swab, and can be completed at home. This vaginal swab is testing for HPV, and can be completed every 5 years. You will be able to order a test kit to be delivered to your home, or collect it from a clinic.

What are the benefits of cervix self screening?

Cervical self screening is effective, and accessible. Pap testing was difficult to access for those without a family doctor, nurse practitioner, naturopathic doctor or midwife. In addition, many people avoided pap testing for a variety of reasons, including pelvic/vaginal pain, previous bad experiences with pap testing, fear of how they might be treated by their provider, etc.

You can get the cervix self screening test delivered to your home, making it much easier to access. It involves using a swab (similar to a q-tip) to collect a vaginal sample that can then be tested for HPV. HPV testing is an effective screening tool for cervical cancer, and self collected swabs are just as effective as provider collected tests.

Who should complete cervix self screening?

Anyone with a cervix between the ages of 25 and 69 should complete screening every 5 years. If you had a pap test 3 or more years ago, you are eligible to complete HPV self screening.

Who is not eligible for cervix self screening?

If you are experiencing symptoms, it is important to speak to a healthcare provider even if previous screening results have been normal. Symptoms include: bleeding between periods, bleeding after sex, bleeding postmenopause, abnormal vaginal discharge, and unexplained pelvic pain or pain during sex. In addition, the following groups are not eligible for self screening: pregnant people, those who use a pessary, and those who have had their cervix removed (ex. total hysterectomy).

What if I screen positive for HPV?

Depending on the results, you may need to complete a pap test or a colposcopy (a procedure that is similar to a pap test, but takes a closer look at the cervix). If you don’t have a family doctor, and have abnormal cervix self screening results, you will be connected with a clinic.

Are pap tests still an option?

You can still complete a pap test at this time if that is your preference, or if you are not eligible for cervix self screening. In addition, you may be recommended to complete a pap test if your HPV screening comes back abnormal.

Visit the BC Cancer website (http://www.bccancer.bc.ca/screening/cervix/changes-to-cervix-screening) for more information, and details about how to access cervix self screening kits.